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Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid that is needed in high concentrations in the brain. It plays an important role in the structure and function of brain cell membranes, which are essential for proper brain function. The amount of PS found in the brain is thought to naturally decline with age.   

One of the key ways that PS works in the brain is by facilitating communication between brain cells by increasing the production and release of neurotransmitters. 

PS also helps to regulate the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin which are important for mood, attention, and other cognitive processes. 

In addition, PS has been shown to support the growth and maintenance of brain cells through its role in the production of new cell membranes and the repair of damaged ones. This can help to improve brain function and protect against age-related cognitive decline. 

Potential benefits for a busy brain:

-Improved cognitive function: Phosphatidylserine supplementation may improve cognitive function, including attention, memory, and processing speed.  

-Reduced hyperactivity: PS has been shown to reduce hyperactivity, which can help improve focus and decrease impulsivity. 

-Reduced stress and better sleep: PS can help to reduce stress by lowering cortisol levels. This can also help improve stress-related insomnia. 

-Improved mood: PS may also improve mood, which can be beneficial for individuals who experience mood swings or emotional dysregulation. 

- Prevent cognitive decline: PS has shown promise to slow the progression of memory loss and is the only nootropic with FDA-qualified evidence that it reduces the risk of   cognitive decline. 

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L-Tyrosine is an amino acid that teams up with, and converts from, l-Phenylalanine. L-Tyrosine is used by the body to produce several important neurotransmitters, including dopamine and noradrenaline. These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating mood, attention and cognitive function. 

Dopamine in particular, is known to play a key role in regulating mood and motivation. Low levels of dopamine have been linked to depression, ADHD and other mood disorders. L-Tyrosine supplementation may help to increase dopamine levels in the brain, which may in turn help to improve mood and focus. 

In addition to its role in dopamine production, L-Tyrosine may also help to reduce the effects of stress on the brain and body. Stress can lead to the depletion of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine, which can contribute to mood and attention disorders. L-Tyrosine may help to replenish these neurotransmitters, leading to an improvement in mood, memory, focus and energy levels. 

Potential Busy Brain benefits: 

-Improved cognitive function L-Tyrosine has been shown to improve cognitive performance in tasks that require mental flexibility, working memory, and executive function due to its role in production of dopamine and noradrenaline. 

-Increased Focus. L-Tyrosine may help to increase motivation by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, improving the ability to complete tasks and achieve goals. 

-Stress management An increase of dopamine levels in the brain can lead to increased cognitive flexibility and to manage stress, reducing feelings of depression and anxiety. 

-Energy regulation L-Tyrosine has been shown to improve physical performance in endurance exercises and may help to reduce fatigue during prolonged exercise. This may be beneficial for individuals who have difficulty regulating their energy levels.

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Essential amino acids like l-Phenylalanine are not produced by the body on its own and must be obtained from high protein dietary sources. L-Phenylalanine plays a crucial role in the production of several neurotransmitters, including dopamine and noradrenaline, which send signals travel between the brain and the body's nerve cells and are important for regulating mood, attention, memory and motivation. 

I L-Phenylalanine may slow the action of specific enzymes that degrade positive endorphins. These endorphins help the body to relieve pain, reduce stress and have an improved sense of well-being.  

Potential busy brain benefits: 

-Improved focus and attention: L-Phenylalanine works with l-Tyrosine to increase the production of neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine that regulate attention and reward. Studies show that Phenylalanine supplementation can help individuals with ADHD to improve concentration levels. 

-Reduced hyperactivity: Studies have shown that Phenylalanine supplementation can help to reduce restlessness in individuals with ADHD. 

-Emotional regulation: Phenylalanine supplementation has been shown to have substantial beneficial qualities in positive emotional support by increasing the production of the feel good neurotransmitter dopamine. 

-Enhanced cognitive function: l-Phenylalanine plays a vital role in the production of neurotransmitters that improve cognitive and executive function. The suggested positive effects also help endorphin levels to support stress responses.

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N-Acetyl L-Carnitine crosses the blood brain barrier where it increases brain carnitine levels. Carnitine increases the efficiency of energy production in the brain. This helps to support cognitive performance and neural plasticity. Carnitine also contributes towards the creation of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter essential for learning, memory and cognition.  

ALCAR increases the efficiency of mitochondrial energy production in the brain and results in support of overall mitochondrial health. Mitochondrial health is important as this cellular function helps to repair oxidative damage and inflammation caused by stress and improve overall brain health. 

ALCAR also works to increase activity of nerve cells in the central nervous system which is important in the management of stress and anxiety. 

Potential busy brain benefits 

-Improved executive function: N-Acetyl L-Carnitine helps energy production in the brain and may improve executive function, the set of cognitive processes that are involved in planning, decision-making, and self-control. 

-Reduced hyperactivity and impulsivity: Studies have shown L-Carnitine has the potential to reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. 

-Improved learning and memory: ALCAR may increase the creation of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter involved in memory and capacity to learn.  

-Neuroprotect: ALCAR is a top mitochondrial nutrient, and some studies indicate that it may help reduce the effects of oxidative stress and the effects of ageing on the brain.

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Bacopa’s active bacosides compound included in get dopa contains a high level of antioxidants. Antioxidants help to protect the brain against free radicals and inflammation, which increase through oxidative stress and can cause brain cell damage.  

The antioxidants in Bacopa help protect the brain cells and tissues from this oxidative damage and can reverse signs of memory impairment. The high level of antioxidants that helps the brain fight free radicals can also be seen as a benefit as lowered cortisol and stress levels.   

Bacopa regulates brain chemicals GABA and Serotonin which are all involved in helping to elevate mood and result in a feeling of well-being. Bacopa also helps to regulate neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine which are the chemicals in the brain responsible for memory function and focus. 

Potential busy brain benefits 

Memory support: Studies have shown that Bacopa monnieri can help to improve working memory, speed of information processing, and overall cognitive function. 

Decreased impulsivity: Due to its high levels of antioxidants and role in regulation of brain chemicals, Bacopa monnieri may have a calming effect and be helpful for people who struggle with hyperactivity and impulsivity.  

Reduced stress levels: By helping to lower cortisol levels, Bacopa monnieri may help to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. 

Brain cell protection: Bacopa monnieri can support brain health by protecting brain cells against oxidative stress and inflammation which are associated with increased age and cognitive decline.  

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Ginkgo biloba extract contains compounds that have high anti-inflammatory effects, and is a rich source of antioxidants. Antioxidants play an important role to help protect the brain against the effects of oxidative stress and reduce the damage to brain cells caused by inflammation.  

In addition to its protective antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, Gingko also improves blood circulation and the flow of blood to the brain by opening up blood vessels that can in turn improve cognitive performance.  

The impact of Ginkgo has been shown to improve cognitive function, including memory, attention, and processing speed. Studies have indicated it may help to improve mood and help performance during moments of increased stress. 

Potential busy brain benefits 

- Focus support: The level of blood flow to the brain can contribute to symptoms like inattention and hyperactivity. Ginkgo biloba helps to increase blood circulation which may reduce hyperactivity, maintain focus and improve cognitive function. 

- Improved Mood: Gingko biloba helps emotional wellbeing as its support of cognitive and memory function allows for clear thinking and an increased ability to work under pressure.   

- Memory: The anti-inflammatory properties of Ginkgo biloba could help to reduce inflammation in the brain, helping to protect brain cells and support memory function and cognitive performance against decline. 

- Reduced irritability - Ginkgo’s behavioural effects are calming and may lead to improved frustration tolerance and decrease irritability. 

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus is known for its ability to improve gut health by restoring and maintaining the balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut. The gut is regulated by the enteric nervous system and uses the same chemicals and cells as the brain to help digest food and to alert the brain when something is not right. This means the gut environment can have an effect on learning, memory, stress responses and mood.  

The gut’s enteric nervous system communicates to the central nervous system. This is known as the gut-brain axis. 

The growth of beneficial bacteria helps stimulate the production of antibodies and other immune cells in the body, this can help to reduce inflammation in the gut by regulating the immune response. 

Potential busy brain benefits 

-Gut-brain axis modulation: The gut-brain axis refers to the communication system between the gut and the brain. Lactobacillus rhamnosus may help to modulate the gut-brain axis by restoring the balance of beneficial gut bacteria which may improve cognitive function and reduce anxiety, stress or depression.  

-Improved gut health: By helping to restore the balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut, Lactobacillus rhamnosus can improve overall gut health.  

-Reduced inflammation: Lactobacillus rhamnosus may help to reduce inflammation in the gut and throughout the body, which can improve overall health and reduce symptoms of inflammation-related health issues. 

-Supported immune function: Lactobacillus rhamnosus may help to boost immune function, which can reduce the risk of infections and potentially improve overall health. 

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Magnesium plays a key role in the metabolism and regulation of neurotransmitters like dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin. Healthy functioning of these neurotransmitters mean that messages can be successfully sent around the brain and the central nervous system. These help regulate attention, focus and mood.  

Magnesium is also known to stimulate GABA receptors which is vital in the stress response this can downgrade anxiety and improve attention. It has been shown in studies that individuals with ADHD are often low on magnesium levels. Magnesium plays an important role in energy production, helping the body to convert food into energy and helps to regulate energy levels. 

Potential busy brain benefits: 

-Enhanced cognitive function: Magnesium is involved in various cognitive processes, including memory and learning. Research has indicated that it may help to improve cognitive function, including attention and working memory. 

-Improved mood and focus: Magnesium may help to regulate neurotransmitters, including dopamine and serotonin, which are important for attention and mood regulation.  

-Decreased anxiety: The anxiolytic effects of Magnesium may help to reduce the symptoms of anxiety. It could also help with migraine prevention.  

-Better sleep: Magnesium may help to improve sleep quality and duration. It plays a role in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle and may help to promote relaxation and reduce insomnia. 

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Chromium is involved in glucose metabolism where the body converts food into sugars that flow through blood into cells. The brain relies on a steady supply of glucose (sugar) to function properly, and fluctuations in blood sugar levels can affect cognitive function, including memory, attention, and decision-making. 

Studies have shown that chromium supplements may increase levels of certain neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, which are involved in mood regulation and cognitive function. Chromium may also enhance insulin sensitivity and regulate blood sugar levels, which in turn could improve brain function.  

Chromium has been suggested to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This is helpful as inflammation in brain cells has been linked to cognitive decline and attention disorders. 

Potential busy brain benefits 

Improved cognitive function: Chromium’s role in glucose metabolism and regulating blood sugar level to the brain supports neurotransmitter activity which impacts cognitive function. 

Energy regulation: Chromium helps regulate the amount of sugar the body converts into glucose helping balance blood glucose levels and producing stable energy 

Mood support; Chromium’s role in enhancing cellular activity in the brain helps to promote neurotransmitter activity and may improve the uptake of serotonin, the feel-good hormone 

Caring for your brain: Chromium’s anti-inflammatory properties may help to prevent cognitive decline 

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Zinc is involved in the formation and function of synapses, which enable communication between brain cells. Some research has suggested that zinc may therefore improve cognitive function, including memory and attention. 

Zinc is also involved in the regulation of the function of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, GABA, and noradrenaline, which can help to regulate mood, stress response and attention. Given its role in dopamine regulation studies have suggested that Zinc supplementation can be effective in the treatment of ADHD.  

Zinc’s antioxidant properties may help protect brain cells from damage caused by free radicals, and are involved in the development and maintenance of brain cells, which is important for learning and memory.

Potential busy brain benefits:  

-Better cognitive function: By boosting communication between brain cells, Zinc may improve cognitive function, including memory and attention. 

-Decreased hyperactivity: Zinc levels have been shown to be lower in individuals with attention disorders. Improving Zinc levels can reduce mental hyperactivity and have positive effects on mood.  

-Caring for your brain: Zinc has antioxidant properties that may help protect the brain from damage caused by free radicals. It may also have anti-inflammatory properties that benefit brain health. 

-Learning and memory: By supporting the development and maintenance of brain cells, Zinc may help to improve learning and memory.  

-Improved sleep: Zinc has been shown to play a role in regulating sleep, and some studies have suggested that zinc supplementation may improve sleep quality and duration. 

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B-Vitamins are necessary for the synthesis of several neurotransmitters and the function of neurotransmitter receptors which are essential for communication between neurons and overall brain function. These chemicals include dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline and acetylcholine which play a crucial role in regulation of mood, motivation, and memory and learning.  

B-Vitamins are involved in the production of energy in the brain helping to metabolise glucose and produce the ATP molecules that provide energy to brain cells.  The brain is one of the most energy-hungry organs in the body, and a lack of energy in brain cells can lead to cognitive impairment. 

B-Vitamins are involved in the formation of the myelin sheath, which surrounds and protects nerve fibres. This sheath helps to speed up the transmission of nerve signals, which is important for optimal brain function. Additionally, B-Vitamins are involved in the formation of phospholipids, which are essential components of brain cell membranes. These membranes play a critical role in protecting, maintaining and repairing brain cells. 

Potential busy brain benefits: 

-Improved cognitive function: B-Vitamins play an essential role in the production of neurotransmitters and in the brain’s energy function. These functions are all key for memory, learning, focus and executive function. 

-Caring for your brain: B-Vitamins are involved in the formation, repair and growth of brain cells and promote healthy blood circulation to the brain. 

-Reduced stress: Managing stress is crucial for brain health. B-Vitamins have been shown to help reduce stress levels and support the adrenal glands, which produce stress hormones such as cortisol.  

-Reduced hyperactivity: By helping the body absorb and utilise magnesium, B-Vitamins may help reduce symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and promote a calmer mind. 

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